Several studies have shown that oil recovery significantly increased by low salinity water flooding (LSWF) in sandstones. However. mechanism of oil recovery improvement is still controversial. CO2 that develops buffer in presence of water is expected as a deterrent factor in LSWF efficiency based on mechanism of IFT reduction due to pH uprising. https://www.ngetikin.com/amazing-find-Bolia-Loop-Rug-limited-choice/